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bringing slightly warmer Atlantic air. “Although we had some heatwaves and bursts of hot weather, these were fairly short-lived and conditions across the whole three months were pretty unsettled. August was the wettest month of the summer, with some places in Scotland experiencing double their average

holidays and resulted in burst water pipes and severe flooding in unoccupied homes and commercial properties. July and August are the warmest months in the region with mean daily maxima ranging from less than 15 °C on the highest ground to more than 19 °C in southern Dumfries and Galloway and the Clyde

an indication of expected cloud conditions and temperature. Finally it would highlight any weather-related hazards that were likely to occur in particular counties or districts. These would include violent thunderstorms, high winds, unusually high or low temperatures, floods, flash floods and landslides

centuries later. Throughout the ages, thinkers, philosophers and naturalists examined the phenomenon of the rainbow effect, noting its appearance not just in the sky but in other circumstances too. But in every case, two elements were essential for that characteristic burst of colour, water vapour

homes in Wainfleet evacuated and nearly 130 properties flooded when the River Steeping burst its banks. There were also flooding problems across parts of east Wales with transport links affected. Weather data The analysis charts below show a north-easterly airflow affecting the UK, with a slow-moving

driver (AE, local B, Kp ) Lower latitudes; ring current is key driver (Dst) © 2015 RAL Space Courtesy NASA The importance of sub-storms (Dungey cycle) – Fundamental dynamic of externally-driven magnetospheres (Earth, Saturn, ….) – Focuses energy from solar wind into bursts that are localised in space

Clouds National Meteorological Library and Archive Factsheet 1 — An introduction to clouds The National Meteorological Library and Archive Open to everyone The library was first mentioned in the 1870 Annual Report of the Meteorological Office. In 1914 the archive was established as the official

What are clouds? Overview What are clouds? How do they form? In this activity you’ll learn the answers to these questions and find out how to identify clouds. You’ll then get the opportunity to make your own cloud spotting binoculars, and watch the clouds go by, by going outside or looking out

Cloud types for observers Reading the sky Cloud types for observers Reading the sky Cloud types for obser vers 1 Introduction Clouds are continually changing and appear in an infinite variety of forms. It is possible, however, to define a limited number of characteristic forms observed all over