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down the east coast causing severe flooding across many low-lying areas of East Anglia and the Thames Estuary. It was a cold day generally with temperatures well below the late January average. Significant weather event The Stranraer to Larne ferry boat ‘Princess Victoria’ foundered with the loss

on the 26th, and cold and unsettled weather continued during the last few days with lying snow penetrating to low levels in some counties. The provisional UK mean temperature was 4.3 °C, which is 0.5 °C above the 1981-2010 long-term average. Mean maximum temperatures were about 0.5 °C below average

precipitation falls as snow and how much as hail. In turn, this could affect other variables (e.g. the amount of lying snow which leads to colder winter temperatures). We find that fixing the error can lead to differences that are significant, i.e. when the differences are larger than the spread (i.e

week Low pressure is likely to lie in the vicinity of the UK into next week, bringing a mixture of showers, longer spells of rain, and some drier interludes. We are carefully monitoring the period of Tuesday to Thursday for the chance that an area of heavier rain moves up from the south

extent lies towards the top end of all these central ranges (Figure 5), a fact likely to reflect the abrupt slowing of ice melt late in the season. However, the median estimate did increase somewhat as the season progressed, becoming closer to the observed extent. Figure 5: Arctic sea ice extent

-term Average (1981-2010) Monthly Rainfall Total (mm) 0900-0900 78.7 105.0 63.0 Total Days of Rain > 5mm 7 8 4 Monthly Snowfall Total (cm) 0.0 not available not available Total Days of Snow 0 1 0 Total Days with Snow Lying at 0900 0 0 0 Maximum Snow Depth (cm) at 0900 0.0 not available not available

models there are improvements to the treatment of lying snow, sub-grid turbulence and ice cloud fraction in mixed-phase clouds. The main goal of PS43 is to introduce the new En-4DEnVar scheme to the global ensemble. En-4DEnVar provides an ensemble of initial conditions which are generated through

, but obviously dusk to dawn. (5) Higher values are possible in extreme situations. (6) Both instantaneous and integrated over previous hour output. (7) Over the preceding hour/three/six hours. (8) This is the falling snow amount in mm of liquid equivalent. Doesn’t reflect snow lying on the ground. Falling

Areas of expertise Atmospheric turbulence, especially boundary layer turbulence Dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere Lagrangian models of dispersion Large-eddy simulation Publications by David Thomson Current activities David’s current activities lie in two main areas. The first involves

ground above 200 metres, particularly in Scotland, with some low-lying areas seeing 2-5 cm. Hail and lightning are also possible, mostly across northern and western Scotland. The South West is likely to see strong winds on Tuesday night with the chance of gusts of up to 60 mph.  These strong winds