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and so an unusually warm summer can cause the ice to melt more than usual (negative mass balance) and, likewise, a particularly cold summer (or winter) can cause the sea ice to grow (positive mass balance). As well as the weather the thickness and extent of the sea ice at the start of the melt season

, India, South Africa and Southeast Asia. It is funded through the UK government’s International Science Partnerships Fund (ISPF), with the Met Office serving as a delivery partner. A global network of partnerships Over 60 institutes and organisations involved from around the world Global community