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warnings UK Storm Centre Seasonal advice Maps & charts Maps & charts UK forecast UK weather map Cloud cover map Precipitation map Lightning map Rainfall map Temperature map Wind map Wind gust map Surface pressure charts All countries Climate Climate Climate explained What is climate change? Causes

We are engaged in the assimilation of a wide range of satellite and surface-based data into models, climate and environmental applications, leading the NWP SAF and providing advice to the space agencies. We work closely with the Space Applications and Nowcasting group who leverage observations from the Global Observing System and transform them into products for situational awareness and nowcasting. 

The use of surface in-situ measurements in support of weather prediction, airfield safety monitoring and climate applications.

This area of Observations Research & Development focuses on improving the way in which we use in-situ surface based measurements to improve forecasting capabilities and climate records. In addition there is a strong link to the measurements that are used at flying airfields to provide safety

associated with each service. AM suggested it may be prudent for the MO to map the other sources of information that exist that help support these international services. There was discussion on one particular service, the production of surface pressure charts. There is a belief that there may

journey over the land or sea. This might lead to warming or cooling by the prolonged contact with a warm or cool surface. Northern Canada Arctic Ocean High pressure Siberia Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean High pressure Equator Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical

warnings UK Storm Centre Seasonal advice Maps & charts Maps & charts UK forecast UK weather map Cloud cover map Precipitation map Lightning map Rainfall map Temperature map Wind map Wind gust map Surface pressure charts All countries Climate Climate Climate explained What is climate change? Causes

+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 MSL pressure Pa 0/2 mean sea T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of convective rain kg/m 2 s 0/144 ground surface T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of convective snow kg/m 2 /s 0/147 ground surface T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of dynamic

threshold above pre-industrial Global Mean Surface Temperature, there is increasing pressure on limiting global warming to a 1.5 °C warming threshold, as agreed in Paris in 2015. So far 2017 has also exceeded the 1 °C threshold, although the Met Office has forecast that 2017 is unlikely

12km parent model. NZESM results show increases in sea level pressure and sea surface temperatures, consistent with higher risk of marine heatwave occurrence. Future Change (%) Difference plots (2081-2100 minus 1995-2014) for Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Level Pressure (left) and precipitation (above) showing how the CPM differs from coarser Regional Climate Model.

the land to rise Rising air cools and condenses producing clouds and showers Air rushes in to replace the rising air lost at the surface High pressure forms over the sea Low pressure forms over the land Figure 6. Development of a sea breeze during the day. Figure 7. Development of a land breeze during