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• Surface in-situ Instruments

  The use of surface in-situ measurements in support of weather prediction, airfield safety monitoring and climate applications.

  This area of Observations Research & Development focuses on improving the way in which we use in-situ surface based measurements to improve forecasting capabilities and climate records. In addition there is a strong link to the measurements that are used at flying airfields to provide safety

• factsheet_10-air-masses-and-weather-fronts_2023.pdf

  journey over the land or sea. This might lead to warming or cooling by the prolonged contact with a warm or cool surface. Northern Canada Arctic Ocean High pressure Siberia Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean High pressure Equator Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical

• factsheet_10-air-masses-and-weather-fronts_2023pdf

  journey over the land or sea. This might lead to warming or cooling by the prolonged contact with a warm or cool surface. Northern Canada Arctic Ocean High pressure Siberia Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean High pressure Equator Low pressure Tropical Ocean Tropical Ocean Tropical

• factsheet_14-microclimates_2023.pdf

  the land to rise Rising air cools and condenses producing clouds and showers Air rushes in to replace the rising air lost at the surface High pressure forms over the sea Low pressure forms over the land Figure 6. Development of a sea breeze during the day. Figure 7. Development of a land breeze during

• factsheet_14-microclimates_2023pdf

  the land to rise Rising air cools and condenses producing clouds and showers Air rushes in to replace the rising air lost at the surface High pressure forms over the sea Low pressure forms over the land Figure 6. Development of a sea breeze during the day. Figure 7. Development of a land breeze during

• factsheet_18-weather-satellites_2023pdf

  -A/B ASCAT Coriolis WindSAT Surface wind 4 1 Ground-based surface Land SYNOP Ship Fixed buoy and rigs Drifting buoy METAR Mobile SYNOP Surface pressure, wind, temperature, humidity 88 80 80 80 30 20 Ground-based satellite GPS receivers Zenith total delay influences water vapour 0.3 Table 1

• factsheet_18-weather-satellites_2023.pdf

  -A/B ASCAT Coriolis WindSAT Surface wind 4 1 Ground-based surface Land SYNOP Ship Fixed buoy and rigs Drifting buoy METAR Mobile SYNOP Surface pressure, wind, temperature, humidity 88 80 80 80 30 20 Ground-based satellite GPS receivers Zenith total delay influences water vapour 0.3 Table 1

• PowerPoint Presentation

  12km parent model. NZESM results show increases in sea level pressure and sea surface temperatures, consistent with higher risk of marine heatwave occurrence. Future Change (%) Difference plots (2081-2100 minus 1995-2014) for Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Level Pressure (left) and precipitation (above) showing how the CPM differs from coarser Regional Climate Model.

• PWMS001_UK_and_surrounding_area_gridded_forecast

  +36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 MSL pressure Pa 0/2 mean sea T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of convective rain kg/m 2 s 0/144 ground surface T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of convective snow kg/m 2 /s 0/147 ground surface T+36,42,48,54,60,66,72,84,96,108,120,132 Rate of dynamic

• A Pacific flip triggers the end of the recent slowdown

  threshold above pre-industrial Global Mean Surface Temperature, there is increasing pressure on limiting global warming to a 1.5 °C warming threshold, as agreed in Paris in 2015. So far 2017 has also exceeded the 1 °C threshold, although the Met Office has forecast that 2017 is unlikely