As the UK looks forward to a new era in space exploration and commercial launch capability, the Met Office has played a crucial role in supporting these ambitions.
This case study explores how the Met Office has partnered with SaxaVord Spaceport, providing expertise, data, and operational support to help make UK commercial space launches a reality.
The evolving landscape of UK space launches
In recent years, the UK has witnessed a surge of interest in commercial spaceflight. Organisations are exploring a variety of launch methods, from using pre-existing aeroplanes to deploy rockets, to traditional vertical launches, and even innovative approaches such as using balloons to lift rockets to higher altitudes before ignition.
Each method presents unique challenges and requires precise, reliable weather information to ensure safe and successful operations.
Weather is a critical factor in every stage of a space launch. Surface gust speeds, precipitation, lightning, and other meteorological variables can all impact the viability and safety of a launch. The Met Office’s role is to provide the trusted insights and tailored support that the industry needs to navigate these complexities.
A partnership built on expertise and innovation
Since 2017, the Met Office has worked closely with SaxaVord Spaceport, located on the island of Unst in the Shetland Islands. This partnership began with a consultative service, advising on the suitability of the proposed site for a spaceport.
The Met Office’s analysis considered a range of factors, including local climate, surface gust speeds, precipitation patterns, and lightning risk. This comprehensive assessment helped SaxaVord make an informed decision about the location, giving them the confidence to proceed with their ambitious plans.
READ MORE: Seeing the bigger picture: How satellite data shapes Met Office forecasts
As SaxaVord’s offering has developed, so too has the Met Office’s support. The relationship has evolved from initial site assessment to ongoing operational support, including test launches and the development of site-specific meteorological systems. The Met Office’s involvement has ensured that SaxaVord is equipped with the data and expertise needed to operate safely and efficiently in a challenging environment.
Supporting test launches and operational readiness
One of the most significant contributions of the Met Office has been its support for test launches at SaxaVord. Both in person and remotely, Met Office meteorologists have provided detailed briefings and forecasts for previous and upcoming launches. This support is vital for assessing the safety and viability of each launch window, allowing SaxaVord to make informed decisions and minimise risk.
A notable example of this collaboration occurred in July 2022, when a test launch took place with an operational meteorologist from the Met Office present on site. The meteorologist provided real-time advice on weather conditions in the lead-up to and during the launch. This hands-on support enabled SaxaVord to stress test their launch processes and procedures, building operational resilience ahead of future commercial spaceflights.
Delivering site-specific observation and reporting
Beyond operational support, the Met Office has also delivered a comprehensive site-specific observation report for SaxaVord. Once the site was selected, a Met Office team member visited Unst to assess the technical specifications and quality standards required for meteorological systems.
The result was a detailed 60-page document outlining the equipment SaxaVord would need to monitor and observe weather conditions effectively, as well as recommendations for the optimal placement of this equipment around the site.
This tailored approach ensures that SaxaVord has the tools and knowledge necessary to maintain high standards of safety and performance, both during test launches and as they move towards regular commercial operations.
READ MORE: How does the Met Office monitor space weather?
Impact and recognition
The impact of the Met Office’s partnership with SaxaVord is clear. The analysis of the Unst site’s climate and weather patterns was instrumental in proving the viability of the location, enabling SaxaVord to begin operations with confidence. The support provided during test launches has helped refine operational procedures and ensure that safety remains at the forefront of every mission.
The partnership between the Met Office and SaxaVord Spaceport exemplifies the Met Office’s commitment to innovation and public service. By providing trusted insights and tailored support, the Met Office is helping to pave the way for the UK’s commercial space industry. As the sector continues to grow, the Met Office will remain a vital partner, ensuring that launches are conducted safely, efficiently, and with the benefit of world-class meteorological expertise.
The journey towards UK commercial space launches is a complex and challenging one, but with the support of the Met Office, organisations like SaxaVord Spaceport are well positioned to succeed. Through expert analysis, operational support, and a commitment to innovation, the Met Office is helping to turn the UK’s space ambitions into reality, when it matters most.
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